Challenges and opportunities of problem-based learning in skills development

Abstract

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an innovative method widely adopted to develop professional skills such as autonomy, critical thinking and problem solving. Despite its effectiveness, the implementation of PBL in higher education contexts in emerging economies, such as Angola, faces significant challenges, including lack of resources and resistance from teachers. This study realized at the Instituto Superior Politécnico do Moxico (ISP-Moxico) and aimed to describe the challenges and opportunities of PBL for the development of professional skills in students. The research has a descriptive and quantitative approach, using structured questionnaires applied to the institution's teachers. The instrument was validated to ensure data consistency, and the results were statistically analyzed. The main results indicated that the majority of teachers have limited knowledge about PBL, which compromises its practical application. Furthermore, barriers such as lack of teaching resources and resistance to change were identified as significant obstacles. However, participants considered the potential of PBL to develop technical and behavioral skills, including teamwork skills, critical thinking and student autonomy. Based on the data collected, strategies for teacher training, investment in specific pedagogical resources and the creation of an institutional culture that favors innovation were proposed. This study contributes to the understanding of the challenges and opportunities of PBL in the Angolan context and offers practical support for managers and specific educators in implementing more effective pedagogical practices.